The early signs of periodontal disease is often painless, which makes regular examinations crucial! Gum disease (also known as periodontal disease) is an infection caused by the bacteria in plaque. It attacks the bone, ligaments and gums that support your teeth. Early symptoms include red, swollen gums that bleed when brushed or flossed and bad odor or taste in the mouth. Often these symptoms are not noticed by the patient. Non-surgical treatments are very successful for the early stages of gum disease. As infection progresses, supporting jawbone is lost, teeth may drift or loosen and treatment becomes more complex.

The gums and bone are the foundation for the teeth. You would not consider building a nice home on a poor foundation. Before any significant dental treatment is undertaken, it is important to determine the status of the gums and bone that support the teeth. Dr. Bueno, Dr. Sellick and their team are here to guide and help you make appropriate choices to meet your goals for oral health and beauty. Only a thorough radiographic exam (x-rays) and clinical exam (visual) can determine the extent of gum disease and appropriate treatment. The longer you wait, the treatment becomes more complex and expensive.

Stages of Gum Disease

	Healthy Gums Healthy pink colour Gum line hugs teeth tightly No bleeding 2-3mm pockets
	Gingivitis May appear inflamed & sensitive to touch Bleed when brushed or probed 3-4mm pockets Minor accumulation of plaque and calculus - no loss of bone support
	Early Periodontitis Bleeding, puffiness and inflammation more pronounced Gums begin to separate from tooth Inflammation reaches bone mild bone loss Up to 5mm pockets Unpleasant breath or taste Evident accumulation of plaque and calculus
	Moderate Periodontitis A perio abscess may develop Gums recede teeth appear longer Front teeth may drift showing spaces Bad breath - difficult to clean moderate plaque and calculus Root surface exposed sensitivity root decay 5-6mm pockets Bone loss 20-50%
	Advanced Periodontitis Loose or drifting teeth More than 50% bone loss, root may be exposed and are sensitive to hot & cold Significant plaque and calculus Leads to tooth loss or decision to remove teeth

Important Information:

 Gum disease is the most common dental disease in adults.
 Gum disease is the number one cause of tooth loss for adults.
 If you do not floss regularly and correctly, you will develop gum disease.
 Diagnosed and treated early, gum disease, is relatively easy and inexpensive to treat.
 Research shows gum disease has detrimental effect on your general health.
 Research also shows gum disease leads to diabetes, heart disease, low birth rates, etc.
 If you control gum disease, you will also prevent most cavity problems as well.